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Milling is a common machining process. It is a type of subtractive machining where a part is cut from a piece of stock material using a variety of spinning, rotary cutters, such as an end mill, for example.

CNC milling machines have many advantages over manual machining. CNC milling is able to replicate a machining process accurately to precise specifications around the clock. Not only can you achieve exacting standards, the automation results in drastically increased production speed and efficiency over a manual milling process.

Depending upon your choice of software, you will have different options to learn milling software. For example, Mastercam is the most prevalent milling software, so you will find a variety of options to learn how to use it. You can learn to use this milling software in classrooms and career training programs, through online training courses, and with tutorials and training opportunities provided by Mastercam and an extensive global network of Mastercam partners and Resellers.

It is difficult to identify a disadvantage to a milling machine unless your manufacturing process would benefit from a different type of machine altogether, such as a lathe, mill-turn machine, or Wire/EDM machine, for example. This cost of investing in a CNC milling machine may seem like a disadvantage compared to a manual mill. However, it is likely the added machining capability and increased productivity and efficiency benefits will so quickly compensate for the initial investment that the cost is not truly limiting as a disadvantage.

CAM software is used to program CNC mills to create toolpaths using G-code to automate the machining process. CAM stands for computer-aided manufacturing or computer-aided machining. CAM software takes part files created in a computer-aided design (CAD) software and creates the code to control CNC machines to cut the part. Mastercam, for example, is a CAM software with built-in CAD, but you can also import CAD files from virtually any CAD software to prepare for machining on a CNC mill.

The difference between 2D milling and 3D milling lies largely on the amount of machine axes that can be commanded on each line of NC code. Typically, when 2D milling, only the x- and y- axes will be utilized on a given move at the machine. In contrast, a simultaneous x-, y- and z-axis move can be used when 3D milling. For example, in complex surface machining, like you would find in mold and die components, Mastercam Mill 3D could be used to program any free-flowing complex surface or set of surfaces.